BERGAMOTA
Informações
- Nome popular: Bergamota
- Nome científico: Citrus bergamia
- Aroma: O aroma de Citrus bergamia é doce e fresco, evocando a fruta bergamota, com notas cítricas suaves. É descrito como uma mistura entre limão e laranja, com a acidez do limão combinada com a doçura da laranja. O aroma é frequentemente utilizado em perfumes, colônias e produtos de cuidados pessoais.
- Estudos com propriedades confirmadas: 31
Por favor, leia com atenção!
Os óleos essenciais são substâncias muito concentradas que, se utilizadas de forma errada, podem trazer malefícios. Por esta razão, sua indicação deve sempre ser feita por um profissional de saúde qualificado. Nenhum conteúdo desta página deve ser entendido como uma indicação de uso.
Antes de começar a usar esta ou qualquer página da nossa base de conhecimento sobre óleos essenciais, por favor, leia atentamente as orientações e termos de uso na página uso da base de conhecimento, onde você obterá informações sobre como estes estudos foram encontrados, classificados e outros dados relevantes.
Propriedades
A seguir, você encontra a lista de propriedades e funções do óleo essencial de bergamota, que foram comprovadas por estudos científicos. Para obter mais informações sobre cada propriedade, clique em seu nome. Por favor, tenha em mente que os resultados apresentados podem incluir não somente o uso humano, mas também veterinário, ambiental e de análise bioquímica.
Durante as nossas consultas agregamos principalmente dois tipos de estudos: randomizados controlados e revisões sistemáticas. No entanto, é provável que você encontre outros tipos de estudos nesta lista devido ao processo de classificação, conforme as orientações de uso da base de conhecimento.
In vitro effect of seven essential oils on the reproduction of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus.
Autores: Rafael Pazinato, Andréia Volpato, Matheus D Baldissera, Roberto C V Santos, Dilmar Baretta, Rodrigo A Vaucher, Janice L Giongo, Aline A Boligon, Lenita Moura Stefani, Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva | Ano: 2016 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: The acaricidal effect of seven essential oils was examined in vitro against the cattle tick (Rhipicephalus microplus). Engorged female ticks were manually collected in farms of Southern Brazil and placed into petri dishes (n = 10) in order to test the following oils: juniper (Juniperus communis), palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii), cedar (Cedrus atlantica), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), ginger (Zingiber officinale), geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) and bergamot (Citrus aurantium var bergamia) at concentrations of 1%, 5%, and 10% each. A control group was used to validate the tests containing Triton X-100 only. Treatment effectiveness was measured considering inhibition of tick oviposition (partial or total), egg's weight, and hatchability. C. martinii, C. citratus and C. atlantica essential oils showed efficacy higher than 99% at all concentrations tested. In addition, J. communis, Z. officinale, P. graveolens, and C. aurantium var bergamia oils showed efficiency ranging from 73% to 95%, depending on the concentration tested, where higher concentrations showed greater efficacy. It was concluded that essential oils can affect tick reproduction in vitro by inhibiting oviposition and hatchability.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
A Comparative Study on Relieving Exercise-Induced Fatigue by Inhalation of Different Citrus Essential Oils.
Autores: Lei Tian, Tan Hu, Shanshan Zhang, Hongyan Zhang, Chenxi Yang, Guiting Chen, Siyi Pan | Ano: 2022 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Citrus essential oils (CEOs) possess physiological functions due to diverse aroma components. However, evidence for the effects of CEOs on exercise performance and exercise-induced fatigue is limited. The CEOs with discrepancies in components may exert different effects on the amelioration of exercise-induced fatigue. In this study, sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) essential oil (SEO), lemon (Citrus limon Osbeck) essential oil (LEO), and bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso and Poit) essential oil (BEO) were chosen to explore the effect on amelioration of exercise-induced fatigue. Our results demonstrated that SEO and LEO increased the swimming time by 276% and 46.5%, while BEO did not. Moreover, the three CEOs exerted varying effects on mitigating exercise-induced fatigue via inhibiting oxidative stress, protecting muscle injury, and promoting glucose-dependent energy supply. Accordingly, BEO showed the best efficiency. Moreover, the GC-MS and Pearson correlation analysis of BEO showed that the contents of the major components, such as (±)-limonene (32.9%), linalyl butyrate (17.8%), and linalool (7.7%), were significantly positively correlated with relieving exercise-induced fatigue.
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Conclusão: N/A
A Systematic Review of the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Essential Oils in Animal Models.
Autores: Damião Pergentino de Sousa, Palloma de Almeida Soares Hocayen, Luciana Nalone Andrade, Roberto Andreatini | Ano: 2015 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: The clinical efficacy of standardized essential oils (such as Lavender officinalis), in treating anxiety disorders strongly suggests that these natural products are an important candidate source for new anxiolytic drugs. A systematic review of essential oils, their bioactive constituents, and anxiolytic-like activity is conducted. The essential oil with the best profile is Lavendula angustifolia, which has already been tested in controlled clinical trials with positive results. Citrus aurantium using different routes of administration also showed significant effects in several animal models, and was corroborated by different research groups. Other promising essential oils are Citrus sinensis and bergamot oil, which showed certain clinical anxiolytic actions; along with Achillea wilhemsii, Alpinia zerumbet, Citrus aurantium, and Spiranthera odoratissima, which, like Lavendula angustifolia, appear to exert anxiolytic-like effects without GABA/benzodiazepine activity, thus differing in their mechanisms of action from the benzodiazepines. The anxiolytic activity of 25 compounds commonly found in essential oils is also discussed.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Anti-infective potential of Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau (bergamot) derivatives: a systematic review.
Autores: Santa Cirmi, Carlo Bisignano, Giuseppina Mandalari, Michele Navarra | Ano: 2016 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Infectious diseases remain among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, mainly because of the increase of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Nature is the major source of anti-infective drugs and could represent a font of medicines that may help overcome antibiotic resistance. Recently, the potential antimicrobial effect of certain plant extracts has attracted attention within the scientific community as alternatives to synthetic drugs. Here, we present a systematic review on the anti-infective properties of bergamot derivatives that highlight the activity of bergamot essential oil against bacteria, mycetes and larvae, as well as the anti-Helicobacter pylori effect of bergamot juice and the antimicrobial properties of extracts from bergamot peel. Findings presented herein could be used to develop novel and alternative preventive and therapeutic strategies aimed to overcome antibiotic resistance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Anti-infective potential of Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau (bergamot) derivatives: a systematic review.
Autores: Santa Cirmi, Carlo Bisignano, Giuseppina Mandalari, Michele Navarra | Ano: 2016 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Infectious diseases remain among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, mainly because of the increase of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Nature is the major source of anti-infective drugs and could represent a font of medicines that may help overcome antibiotic resistance. Recently, the potential antimicrobial effect of certain plant extracts has attracted attention within the scientific community as alternatives to synthetic drugs. Here, we present a systematic review on the anti-infective properties of bergamot derivatives that highlight the activity of bergamot essential oil against bacteria, mycetes and larvae, as well as the anti-Helicobacter pylori effect of bergamot juice and the antimicrobial properties of extracts from bergamot peel. Findings presented herein could be used to develop novel and alternative preventive and therapeutic strategies aimed to overcome antibiotic resistance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Chemical composition analysis and in vitro biological activities of ten essential oils in human skin cells.
Autores: Xuesheng Han, Cody Beaumont, Nicole Stevens | Ano: 2017 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Research on the biological effects of essential oils on human skin cells is scarce. In the current study, we primarily explored the biological activities of 10 essential oils (nine single and one blend) in a pre-inflamed human dermal fibroblast system that simulated chronic inflammation. We measured levels of proteins critical for inflammation, immune responses, and tissue-remodeling processes. The nine single oils were distilled from Citrus bergamia (bergamot), Coriandrum sativum (cilantro), Pelargonium graveolens (geranium), Helichrysum italicum (helichrysum), Pogostemon cablin (patchouli), Citrus aurantium (petitgrain), Santalum album (sandalwood), Nardostachys jatamansi (spikenard), and Cananga odorata (ylang ylang). The essential oil blend (commercial name Immortelle) is composed of oils from frankincense, Hawaiian sandalwood, lavender, myrrh, helichrysum, and rose. All the studied oils were significantly anti-proliferative against these cells. Furthermore, bergamot, cilantro, and spikenard essential oils primarily inhibited protein molecules related to inflammation, immune responses, and tissue-remodeling processes, suggesting they have anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. Helichrysum and ylang ylang essential oils, as well as Immortelle primarily inhibited tissue remodeling-related proteins, suggesting a wound healing property. The data are consistent with the results of existing studies examining these oils in other models and suggest that the studied oils may be promising therapeutic candidates. Further research into their biological mechanisms of action is recommended. The differential effects of these essential oils suggest that they exert activities by different mechanisms or pathways, warranting further investigation. The chemical composition of these oils was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
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Biobased polymer resources and essential oils: a green combination for antibacterial applications.
Autores: Christine Elian, Samir Abbad Andaloussi, Régis Moilleron, Jean-Winoc Decousser, Cyrille Boyer, Davy-Louis Versace | Ano: 2022 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: To fight nosocomial infections, the excessive use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, which are now considered a relevant public health threat by the World Health Organization. To date, most antibacterial systems are based on the use of petro-sourced polymers, but the global supplies of these resources are depleting. Besides, silver NPs are widely accepted as the most active biocide against a wide range of bacterial strains but their toxicity is an issue. The growing interest in natural products has gained increasing interest in the last decade. Therefore, the design of functional antibacterial materials derived from biomass remains a significant challenge for the scientific community. Consequently, attention has shifted to naturally occurring substances such as essential oils (EOs), which are classified as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). EOs can offer an alternative to the common antimicrobial agents as an inner solution or biocide agent to inhibit the resistance mechanism. Herein, this review not only aims at providing developments in the antibacterial modes of action of EOs against various bacterial strains and the recent advances in genomic and proteomic techniques for the elucidation of these mechanisms but also presents examples of biobased polymer resource-based EO materials and their antibacterial activities. Especially, we describe the antibacterial properties of biobased polymers, e.g. cellulose, starch, chitosan, PLA PHAs and proteins, associated with EOs (cinnamon (CEO), clove (CLEO), bergamot (BEO), ginger (GEO), lemongrass (LEO), caraway (CAEO), rosemary (REO), Eucalyptus globulus (EGEO), tea tree (TTEO), orange peel (OPEO) and apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel (AKEO) essential oils). Finally, we discuss the influence of EOs on the mechanical strength of bio-based materials.
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Natural Preparations Based on Orange, Bergamot and Clove Essential Oils and Their Chemical Compounds as Antimicrobial Agents.
Autores: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Camelia Szuhanek, Antoanela Cozma, Atena Galuscan, Florin Borcan, Diana Obistioiu, Cristina Adriana Dehelean, Daniela Jumanca | Ano: 2020 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Since ancient times complementary therapies have been based on the use of medicinal plants, natural preparations and essential oils in the treatment of various diseases. Their use in medical practice is recommended in view of their low toxicity, pharmacological properties and economic impact. This paper aims to test the antimicrobial effect of natural preparation based on clove, orange and bergamot essential oils on a wide range of microorganisms that cause infections in humans including: Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, Candida parapsilosis, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Haemophilus influenza. Three natural preparations such as one-component emulsions: clove (ECEO), bergamote (EBEO), and orange (EOEO), three binary: E(BEO/CEO), E(BEO/OEO), E(CEO/OEO) and a tertiary emulsion E(OEO/BEO/CEO) were obtained, characterized and tested for antimicrobial effects. Also, the synergistic/antagonistic effects, generated by the presence of the main chemical compounds, were studied in order to recommend a preparation with optimal antimicrobial activity. The obtained results underline the fact that the monocomponent emulsion ECEO shows antimicrobial activity, while EOEO and EBEO do not inhibit the development of the analyzed strains. In binary or tertiary emulsions E(BEO/CEO), E(CEO/OEO) and E(OEO/ BEO/CEO) the antimicrobial effect of clove oil is potentiated due to the synergism exerted by the chemical compounds of essential oils.
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The mechanism of action of a citrus oil blend against Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis.
Autores: K Fisher, C Phillips | Ano: 2009 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: The aim was to explore the mechanisms by which a blend of orange (Citrus sinensis) : bergamot (Citrus bergamia) (1 : 1 v/v) EO (essential oil) (2% v/v) and its vapour (15 mg l(-1) air) brings about its antimicrobial effect against Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis.
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The mechanism of action of a citrus oil blend against Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis.
Autores: K Fisher, C Phillips | Ano: 2009 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: The aim was to explore the mechanisms by which a blend of orange (Citrus sinensis) : bergamot (Citrus bergamia) (1 : 1 v/v) EO (essential oil) (2% v/v) and its vapour (15 mg l(-1) air) brings about its antimicrobial effect against Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis.
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Conclusão: N/A
Chemical characterization and in vitro anthelmintic activity of Citrus bergamia Risso and Citrus X paradisii Macfad essential oil against Haemonchus contortus Kirby isolate.
Autores: Vivien Patricia Garbin, Beatriz Munguía, Jenny Carolina Saldaña, Cícero Deschamps, Roger Raupp Cipriano, Marcelo Beltrão Molento | Ano: 2021 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Haemonchus contortus, a blood-sucking parasite of small ruminants, produces very important economic losses in the productive sector. This abomasum parasite has become resistant to most commercial drugs worldwide, and alternatives to fight this problem are urgently needed. Essential oils (EO) are a complex mixture of volatile secondary metabolites, composed mainly by terpenoids and phenolic compounds, from plants that have several pharmacological properties, including anthelmintic activity. Particularly, citrus peel is a source of cold-pressed EO, where limonene is its major component, and can be used as an additional food component for ruminants. The aim of the present work was to determine the in vitro anthelmintic activity of EO from Citrus bergamia (EOB), C. x paradisii (EOG) and limonene against the benzimidazole-susceptible Kirby isolate of H. contortus, using the egg hatch test (EHT) and the exsheathed third stage larval motility test (XLMT) using a WMicroTracker equipment. Albendazole (ABZ) and monepantel (MON) were used as positive controls. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) in XLMT were 8.77 and 13.88 µg/ml for EOB and EOG respectively, after an incubation of 72 h. An interesting observation on XLMT resulted when the positive controls were tested on the same plate, but in different well of the EOB. The volatile components of the EO significantly influenced (P < 0.05) the percentage of larval motility, reducing values from 66.9 to 19.6% for ABZ, and from 72.8 to 33.7% for MON, when comparing the activity of positive controls in a control plate without EO. The in vitro anthelmintic activity of EOB and EOG shows that they could be interesting candidates for nematode control. It is still necessary additional studies against the adult stage of H. contortus in efficacy trials in infected animals to validate their anthelmintic activity.
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In vitro antimycoplasmal activity of Citrus bergamia essential oil and its major components.
Autores: Pio Maria Furneri, Luigi Mondello, Giuseppina Mandalari, Donatella Paolino, Paola Dugo, Adriana Garozzo, Giuseppe Bisignano | Ano: 2012 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Forty-two strains of Mycoplasma hominis (including PG21), 2 strain of Mycoplasma fermentans (Pg18 and K7), 1 strain of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (strain m129) were investigated for their susceptibilities to Citrus bergamia essential oil and to its major components (limonene, linalyl acetate and linalool). C. bergamia essential oil inhibited mycoplasmas at concentrations from 0.5 to 1% (MIC value as % v/v). M. hominis showed MIC(50) values of 0.5% and MIC(90) values of 1%; M. pneumoniae showed a MIC value of 0.5% while M. fermentans strains were inhibited by MIC values of 1%. M. pneumoniae and M. hominis shared the same susceptibility to linalyl acetate, with MIC values of 0.015% (corresponding to MIC(50) and MIC(90) for M. hominis); M. fermentans strains were less susceptible with MIC values of 0.12%. Among the major components tested, linalool showed higher activity against M. pneumoniae and M. fermentans (MIC values of 0.015 and 0.06%, respectively) but was less active against M. hominis (MIC(50) and MIC(90) values of both 1%); limonene was active against M. pneumoniae (MIC value of 0.03%) but was less active against M. fermentans (MIC values of 1%) and M. hominis (both MIC(50) and MIC(90) values of ≥4%). The results indicated that C. bergamia essential oil and its major components had shown an interesting in vitro antimycoplasmal activity.
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In Vitro Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Antiproliferative Profile of Natural Preparations Containing Bergamot, Orange and Clove Essential Oils.
Autores: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Atena Galuscan, Codruța M Soica, Antoanela Cozma, Dorina Coricovac, Florin Borcan, Iuliana Popescu, Alexandra Mioc, Camelia Szuhanek, Cristina Adriana Dehelean, Daniela Jumanca | Ano: 2022 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Medicinal plants and essential oils (EOs), in particular, were intensively studied in recent years as viable alternatives for antiproliferative chemical synthetic agents. In the same lines, the present study focuses on investigating the effects of natural preparations (emulsions) based on EOs obtained from Citrus bergamia Risso (bergamot-BEO), Citrus sinensis Osbeck (orange-OEO), and Syzygium aromaticum Merill et L. M. Perry (clove-CEO) on different healthy (human immortalized keratinocytes-HaCaT and primary human gingival fibroblasts-HGF) and human tumor cell lines (human melanoma-A375 and oral squamous carcinoma-SCC-4) in terms of the cells' viability and cellular morphology. The obtained results indicate that the CEO emulsion (ECEO) induced a dose-dependent cytotoxic in both healthy (HaCaT and HGF) and tumor (A375 and SCC-4) cells. OEO emulsion (EOEO) increased cell viability percentage both for HaCaT and A375 cells and had an antiproliferative effect at the highest concentration in HGF and SCC-4 cells. BEO emulsion (EBEO) decreased the viability percentage of SCC-4 tumor cells. By associating OEO with CEO as a binary mixture in an emulsified formulation, the inhibition of tumor cell viability increases. The E(BEO/OEO) binary emulsion induced an antiproliferative effect on oral health and tumor cells, with a minimal effect on skin cells. The non-invasive tests performed to verify the safety of the test compound's emulsions at skin level indicated that these compounds do not significantly modify the physiological skin parameters and can be considered safe for human skin.
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Assessment of free plant sterols in cold pressed Citrus essential oils.
Autores: Francesco Siano, Domenico Cautela | Ano: 2021 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: A fast, sensitive, accurate and robust GC-FID and confirmatory GC-MS method, was developed to simultaneously determine squalene and underivatized free plant sterols in Citrus essential oils (cEOs). The method was applied to assess the content of squalene and free plant sterols in four most commonly employed cold-pressed cEOs (bergamot, lemon, mandarin and orange). cEOs plant sterols exhibited distinctive molecular patterns, with levels ranging from 182 to 1100 mg kg-1 in lemon and bergamot essential oils, respectively. β-sitosterol was the dominant compound in all cases, with an average content of ∼650 mg kg-1 in bergamot and orange essential oils. Campesterol and brassicasterol occurred at much lower amount in all samples. Bergamot essential oil was also the richest in squalene (537 mg kg-1) compared to the other cEOs. The method developed could contribute to define compositional patterns of cEOs, thus supporting their versatile utilisation in the food and flavour industry.
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Adverse Phototoxic Effect of Essential Plant Oils on NIH 3T3 Cell Line after UV Light Exposure.
Autores: Svatopluk Binder, Adéla Hanáková, Kateřina Tománková, Klára Pížová, Robert Bajgar, Barbora Manišová, Kristina Kejlová, Hana Bendová, Dagmar Jírová, Hana Kolářová | Ano: 2016 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Natural or artificial substances have become an inseparable part of our lives. It is questionable whether adequate testing has been performed in order to ensure these substances do not pose a serious health risk. The principal aim of our research was to clarify the potential risk of adding essential oils to food, beverages and cosmetic products.
Resultados: MTT test determined EC50 values for all tested substances, varying from 0.0023% v/v for bergamot oil to 0.018% v/v for citral. ROS production measurement showed that UV radiation induces oxidative stress to the cell resulting in higher ROS production compared to the control and non-irradiated samples. Comet assay revealed that both groups (UV, without UV) exert irreversible DNA damage resulting in a cell death.
Conclusão: N/A
A Systematic Review of the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Essential Oils in Animal Models.
Autores: Damião Pergentino de Sousa, Palloma de Almeida Soares Hocayen, Luciana Nalone Andrade, Roberto Andreatini | Ano: 2015 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: The clinical efficacy of standardized essential oils (such as Lavender officinalis), in treating anxiety disorders strongly suggests that these natural products are an important candidate source for new anxiolytic drugs. A systematic review of essential oils, their bioactive constituents, and anxiolytic-like activity is conducted. The essential oil with the best profile is Lavendula angustifolia, which has already been tested in controlled clinical trials with positive results. Citrus aurantium using different routes of administration also showed significant effects in several animal models, and was corroborated by different research groups. Other promising essential oils are Citrus sinensis and bergamot oil, which showed certain clinical anxiolytic actions; along with Achillea wilhemsii, Alpinia zerumbet, Citrus aurantium, and Spiranthera odoratissima, which, like Lavendula angustifolia, appear to exert anxiolytic-like effects without GABA/benzodiazepine activity, thus differing in their mechanisms of action from the benzodiazepines. The anxiolytic activity of 25 compounds commonly found in essential oils is also discussed.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Natural Preparations Based on Orange, Bergamot and Clove Essential Oils and Their Chemical Compounds as Antimicrobial Agents.
Autores: Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Camelia Szuhanek, Antoanela Cozma, Atena Galuscan, Florin Borcan, Diana Obistioiu, Cristina Adriana Dehelean, Daniela Jumanca | Ano: 2020 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Since ancient times complementary therapies have been based on the use of medicinal plants, natural preparations and essential oils in the treatment of various diseases. Their use in medical practice is recommended in view of their low toxicity, pharmacological properties and economic impact. This paper aims to test the antimicrobial effect of natural preparation based on clove, orange and bergamot essential oils on a wide range of microorganisms that cause infections in humans including: Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexneri, Candida parapsilosis, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Haemophilus influenza. Three natural preparations such as one-component emulsions: clove (ECEO), bergamote (EBEO), and orange (EOEO), three binary: E(BEO/CEO), E(BEO/OEO), E(CEO/OEO) and a tertiary emulsion E(OEO/BEO/CEO) were obtained, characterized and tested for antimicrobial effects. Also, the synergistic/antagonistic effects, generated by the presence of the main chemical compounds, were studied in order to recommend a preparation with optimal antimicrobial activity. The obtained results underline the fact that the monocomponent emulsion ECEO shows antimicrobial activity, while EOEO and EBEO do not inhibit the development of the analyzed strains. In binary or tertiary emulsions E(BEO/CEO), E(CEO/OEO) and E(OEO/ BEO/CEO) the antimicrobial effect of clove oil is potentiated due to the synergism exerted by the chemical compounds of essential oils.
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Conclusão: N/A
Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil into the mouse hindpaw: effects on capsaicin-induced nociceptive behaviors.
Autores: Tsukasa Sakurada, Hikari Kuwahata, Soh Katsuyama, Takaaki Komatsu, Luigi Antonio Morrone, Maria Tiziana Corasaniti, Giacinto Bagetta, Shinobu Sakurada | Ano: 2009 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Despite the increasing use of aromatherapy oils, there have not been many studies exploring the biological activities of bergamot (Citrus bergamia, Risso) essential oil (BEO). Recently, we have investigated the effects of BEO injected into the plantar surface of the hindpaw in the capsaicin test in mice. The intraplantar injection of capsaicin produced an intense and short-lived licking/biting response toward the injected hindpaw. The capsaicin-induced nociceptive response was reduced significantly by intraplantar injection of BEO. The essential oils of Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea), Thyme ct. linalool (linalool chemotype of Thymus vulgaris), Lavender Reydovan (Lavandula hybrida reydovan), and True Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), had similar antinociceptive effects on the capsaicin-induced nociceptive response, while Orange Sweet (Citrus sinensis) essential oil was without effect. In contrast to a small number of pharmacological studies of BEO, there is ample evidence regarding isolated components of BEO which are also found in other essential oils. The most abundant compounds found in the volatile fraction are the monoterpene hydrocarbons, such as limonene, gamma-terpinene, beta-pinene, and oxygenated derivatives, linalool and linalyl acetate. Of these monoterpenes, the pharmacological activities of linalool have been examined. Following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration in mice, linalool produces antinociceptive and antihyperalgesic effects in different animal models in addition to anti-inflammatory properties. Linalool also possesses anticonvulsant activity in experimental models of epilepsy. We address the importance of linalool or linalyl acetate in BEO-or the other essential oil-induced antinociception.
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The essential oil of Citrus bergamia Risso induces vasorelaxation of the mouse aorta by activating K(+) channels and inhibiting Ca(2+) influx.
Autores: Purum Kang, Suk Hyo Suh, Sun Seek Min, Geun Hee Seol | Ano: 2013 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the essential oil of Citrus bergamia Risso (bergamot) on mouse blood vessels and to analyse the mechanism of this effect from a pharmacological perspective.
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Trial of Essential Oils to Improve Sleep for Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation.
Autores: Brenda McDonnell, Patricia Newcomb | Ano: 2019 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if there was a significant difference between the sleep quality of patients who inhaled placebo and those who inhaled an aroma comprising a mixture of Lavandula x intermedia (Lavandin Super), Citrus bergamia (bergamot), and Cananga odorata (ylang ylang). Design: This was a randomized, double-blind crossover study, which compared a treatment with placebo. Settings/location: The study was conducted in an outpatient cardiac rehabilitation unit located in an urban, private nonprofit hospital in north Texas. Subjects: Participants included 42 adult patients referred to the rehabilitation service following hospitalizations by local cardiologists. Interventions: Cotton balls infused with a combination of lavender, bergamot, and ylang ylang or placebo were placed at subjects' bedsides for five nights. After a washout period, subjects crossed over to the other condition for five nights. Outcome measures: Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) after treatment and placebo periods. Lower PSQI scores indicate better sleep quality. Results: The mean PSQI global score was statistically significantly lower when receiving the intervention oil (mean = 4.9) than the mean PSQI global score when receiving placebo (mean = 8). Duration of sleep and the time it took to fall asleep were no different between treatment groups, but patient-reported sleep quality was significantly better when participants were exposed to essential oils (χ2 = 4.5, p = 0.03) than when exposed to placebo. Although sleep efficiency (time asleep while lying in bed) was perceived as the same under both conditions, participants reported that they had to get up to use the bathroom significantly less often when exposed to the treatment than when exposed to placebo (t = -2.04, p = 0.05; Wilcoxon p = 0.05). Participants also reported that they had trouble sleeping because they felt too cold, which occurred significantly less often when exposed to the treatment than when exposed to placebo (t = -2.03, p = 0.05; Wilcoxon p = 0.05). Conclusions: Sleep quality of participants receiving intervention oils was significantly better than the sleep quality of participants receiving the placebo oil. Low-cost, nontraditional aromatherapy treatment is potentially effective for improving sleep quality among cardiac rehabilitation patients.
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Trial of Essential Oils to Improve Sleep for Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation.
Autores: Brenda McDonnell, Patricia Newcomb | Ano: 2019 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if there was a significant difference between the sleep quality of patients who inhaled placebo and those who inhaled an aroma comprising a mixture of Lavandula x intermedia (Lavandin Super), Citrus bergamia (bergamot), and Cananga odorata (ylang ylang). Design: This was a randomized, double-blind crossover study, which compared a treatment with placebo. Settings/location: The study was conducted in an outpatient cardiac rehabilitation unit located in an urban, private nonprofit hospital in north Texas. Subjects: Participants included 42 adult patients referred to the rehabilitation service following hospitalizations by local cardiologists. Interventions: Cotton balls infused with a combination of lavender, bergamot, and ylang ylang or placebo were placed at subjects' bedsides for five nights. After a washout period, subjects crossed over to the other condition for five nights. Outcome measures: Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) after treatment and placebo periods. Lower PSQI scores indicate better sleep quality. Results: The mean PSQI global score was statistically significantly lower when receiving the intervention oil (mean = 4.9) than the mean PSQI global score when receiving placebo (mean = 8). Duration of sleep and the time it took to fall asleep were no different between treatment groups, but patient-reported sleep quality was significantly better when participants were exposed to essential oils (χ2 = 4.5, p = 0.03) than when exposed to placebo. Although sleep efficiency (time asleep while lying in bed) was perceived as the same under both conditions, participants reported that they had to get up to use the bathroom significantly less often when exposed to the treatment than when exposed to placebo (t = -2.04, p = 0.05; Wilcoxon p = 0.05). Participants also reported that they had trouble sleeping because they felt too cold, which occurred significantly less often when exposed to the treatment than when exposed to placebo (t = -2.03, p = 0.05; Wilcoxon p = 0.05). Conclusions: Sleep quality of participants receiving intervention oils was significantly better than the sleep quality of participants receiving the placebo oil. Low-cost, nontraditional aromatherapy treatment is potentially effective for improving sleep quality among cardiac rehabilitation patients.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Effects of bergamot (Citrus bergamia) peel oil-supplemented diets on growth performance, haematology and serum biochemical parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
Autores: Osman Sabri Kesbiç, Ümit Acar, Sevdan Yilmaz, Özlem Durna Aydin | Ano: 2020 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: The present study investigated the effects of dietary Citrus bergamia peel oil (CBO) on growth performance, haematological and serum biochemical responses of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Volatile content of C. bergamia peel oil used in study was detected with GC/MS. The 99.47% of the analysed volatile components were identified in decreasing quantities as limonene, linalool and linalyl acetate. The experimental fish were divided into four groups stocked into triplicate tanks (20 fish/tank), and fed daily with an additive-free basal diet containing 0% (CBO0), 0.5% (CBO0.5), 1.0% (CBO1), 2.0% (CBO2) of bergamot peel oil for an 8-week period. Results showed that dietary bergamot peel oil especially at 0.5 g 100 g-1 significantly increased growth performance of fish (p < 0.05). The levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit significantly increased in fish fed with CBO0.5 and CBO1 compared with the CBO0-fed group (p < 0.05), despite no significant difference was observed in CBO2 group (p > 0.05). Highest haematocrit value was found in the CBO0.5 group compared with the control group. The serum glucose of the fish fed with CBO0.5 and CBO1 feeds decreased significantly compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The highest total protein, lowest cholesterol and triglyceride in serum were observed in fish fed with bergamot oil-supplemented groups. According to the results, it was revealed that 0.5% bergamot oil supplementation to Nile tilapia diets optimizes the growth performance, feed utilization and health status related with blood parameters of the fish.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) Essential Oil Inhalation Improves Positive Feelings in the Waiting Room of a Mental Health Treatment Center: A Pilot Study.
Autores: Xuesheng Han, Jacob Gibson, Dennis L Eggett, Tory L Parker | Ano: 2017 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Mental health issues have been increasingly recognized as public health problems globally. Their burden is projected to increase over the next several decades. Additional therapies for mental problems are in urgent need worldwide due to the limitations and costs of existing healthcare approaches. Essential oil aromatherapy can provide a cost-effective and safe treatment for many mental problems. This pilot study observed the effects of bergamot essential oil inhalation on mental health and well-being, as measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, in a mental-health treatment center located in Utah, USA. Fifty-seven eligible participants (50 women, age range: 23-70 years) were included for analysis. Fifteen minutes of bergamot essential oil exposure improved participants' positive feelings compared with the control group (17% higher). Unexpectedly, more participants participated in experimental periods rather than control periods, suggesting even brief exposure to essential oil aroma may make people more willing to enroll in clinical trials. This study provides preliminary evidence of the efficacy and safety of bergamot essential oil inhalation on mental well-being in a mental health treatment center, suggesting that bergamot essential oil aromatherapy can be an effective adjunct treatment to improve individuals' mental health and well-being. © 2017 The Authors. Phytotherapy Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) Essential Oil Inhalation Improves Positive Feelings in the Waiting Room of a Mental Health Treatment Center: A Pilot Study.
Autores: Xuesheng Han, Jacob Gibson, Dennis L Eggett, Tory L Parker | Ano: 2017 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Mental health issues have been increasingly recognized as public health problems globally. Their burden is projected to increase over the next several decades. Additional therapies for mental problems are in urgent need worldwide due to the limitations and costs of existing healthcare approaches. Essential oil aromatherapy can provide a cost-effective and safe treatment for many mental problems. This pilot study observed the effects of bergamot essential oil inhalation on mental health and well-being, as measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, in a mental-health treatment center located in Utah, USA. Fifty-seven eligible participants (50 women, age range: 23-70 years) were included for analysis. Fifteen minutes of bergamot essential oil exposure improved participants' positive feelings compared with the control group (17% higher). Unexpectedly, more participants participated in experimental periods rather than control periods, suggesting even brief exposure to essential oil aroma may make people more willing to enroll in clinical trials. This study provides preliminary evidence of the efficacy and safety of bergamot essential oil inhalation on mental well-being in a mental health treatment center, suggesting that bergamot essential oil aromatherapy can be an effective adjunct treatment to improve individuals' mental health and well-being. © 2017 The Authors. Phytotherapy Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Biobased polymer resources and essential oils: a green combination for antibacterial applications.
Autores: Christine Elian, Samir Abbad Andaloussi, Régis Moilleron, Jean-Winoc Decousser, Cyrille Boyer, Davy-Louis Versace | Ano: 2022 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: To fight nosocomial infections, the excessive use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, which are now considered a relevant public health threat by the World Health Organization. To date, most antibacterial systems are based on the use of petro-sourced polymers, but the global supplies of these resources are depleting. Besides, silver NPs are widely accepted as the most active biocide against a wide range of bacterial strains but their toxicity is an issue. The growing interest in natural products has gained increasing interest in the last decade. Therefore, the design of functional antibacterial materials derived from biomass remains a significant challenge for the scientific community. Consequently, attention has shifted to naturally occurring substances such as essential oils (EOs), which are classified as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). EOs can offer an alternative to the common antimicrobial agents as an inner solution or biocide agent to inhibit the resistance mechanism. Herein, this review not only aims at providing developments in the antibacterial modes of action of EOs against various bacterial strains and the recent advances in genomic and proteomic techniques for the elucidation of these mechanisms but also presents examples of biobased polymer resource-based EO materials and their antibacterial activities. Especially, we describe the antibacterial properties of biobased polymers, e.g. cellulose, starch, chitosan, PLA PHAs and proteins, associated with EOs (cinnamon (CEO), clove (CLEO), bergamot (BEO), ginger (GEO), lemongrass (LEO), caraway (CAEO), rosemary (REO), Eucalyptus globulus (EGEO), tea tree (TTEO), orange peel (OPEO) and apricot (Prunus armeniaca) kernel (AKEO) essential oils). Finally, we discuss the influence of EOs on the mechanical strength of bio-based materials.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Optical Investigation of Essential Oils Using Absorbance and Photoluminescence.
Autores: Fernando Aparecido Dias Radomski, Celso de Araujo Duarte, Evaldo Ribeiro, Eduardo Lemos de Sá | Ano: 2021 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Essential oils are complex mixtures of organic substances with large commercial importance in the pharmaceutical, food, fragrance, and cosmetic industries due to their organoleptic and biological properties. Also, these materials are also luminescent what has taken several studies about its potential uses for the detection and quality control of essential oils, imaging, and for the investigation of the synergies of their constituents. Concerning this, the present work is dedicated to studying the optical properties of selected essential oils: citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus), Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis), clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum), and bergamot (Citrus bergamia). We carried out a comparative study of the photoluminescence and the ultraviolet-visible optical absorption (abs-UV-Vis) of these essential oils with their typical constituents. To inspect the effects of the intermolecular interactions on the optical response of these systems, mixtures between the essential oils constituents following the expected average percent mass fraction were also studied. From these experiments, the main results were bathochromic effects in the abs-UV-Vis spectra; excimer formation in citral, isopulegol, isomenthone, eugenol, and eugenyl acetate; excimer emission enhancing and specific solvent effect in the essential oils photoluminescence spectra. These results contribute to the knowledge of essential oils' applications, especially in the evaluation of components' interactions through a simple abs-UV-Vis assay.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Assessment of free plant sterols in cold pressed Citrus essential oils.
Autores: Francesco Siano, Domenico Cautela | Ano: 2021 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: A fast, sensitive, accurate and robust GC-FID and confirmatory GC-MS method, was developed to simultaneously determine squalene and underivatized free plant sterols in Citrus essential oils (cEOs). The method was applied to assess the content of squalene and free plant sterols in four most commonly employed cold-pressed cEOs (bergamot, lemon, mandarin and orange). cEOs plant sterols exhibited distinctive molecular patterns, with levels ranging from 182 to 1100 mg kg-1 in lemon and bergamot essential oils, respectively. β-sitosterol was the dominant compound in all cases, with an average content of ∼650 mg kg-1 in bergamot and orange essential oils. Campesterol and brassicasterol occurred at much lower amount in all samples. Bergamot essential oil was also the richest in squalene (537 mg kg-1) compared to the other cEOs. The method developed could contribute to define compositional patterns of cEOs, thus supporting their versatile utilisation in the food and flavour industry.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
A Comparative Study on Relieving Exercise-Induced Fatigue by Inhalation of Different Citrus Essential Oils.
Autores: Lei Tian, Tan Hu, Shanshan Zhang, Hongyan Zhang, Chenxi Yang, Guiting Chen, Siyi Pan | Ano: 2022 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Citrus essential oils (CEOs) possess physiological functions due to diverse aroma components. However, evidence for the effects of CEOs on exercise performance and exercise-induced fatigue is limited. The CEOs with discrepancies in components may exert different effects on the amelioration of exercise-induced fatigue. In this study, sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) essential oil (SEO), lemon (Citrus limon Osbeck) essential oil (LEO), and bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso and Poit) essential oil (BEO) were chosen to explore the effect on amelioration of exercise-induced fatigue. Our results demonstrated that SEO and LEO increased the swimming time by 276% and 46.5%, while BEO did not. Moreover, the three CEOs exerted varying effects on mitigating exercise-induced fatigue via inhibiting oxidative stress, protecting muscle injury, and promoting glucose-dependent energy supply. Accordingly, BEO showed the best efficiency. Moreover, the GC-MS and Pearson correlation analysis of BEO showed that the contents of the major components, such as (±)-limonene (32.9%), linalyl butyrate (17.8%), and linalool (7.7%), were significantly positively correlated with relieving exercise-induced fatigue.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil into the mouse hindpaw: effects on capsaicin-induced nociceptive behaviors.
Autores: Tsukasa Sakurada, Hikari Kuwahata, Soh Katsuyama, Takaaki Komatsu, Luigi Antonio Morrone, Maria Tiziana Corasaniti, Giacinto Bagetta, Shinobu Sakurada | Ano: 2009 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Despite the increasing use of aromatherapy oils, there have not been many studies exploring the biological activities of bergamot (Citrus bergamia, Risso) essential oil (BEO). Recently, we have investigated the effects of BEO injected into the plantar surface of the hindpaw in the capsaicin test in mice. The intraplantar injection of capsaicin produced an intense and short-lived licking/biting response toward the injected hindpaw. The capsaicin-induced nociceptive response was reduced significantly by intraplantar injection of BEO. The essential oils of Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea), Thyme ct. linalool (linalool chemotype of Thymus vulgaris), Lavender Reydovan (Lavandula hybrida reydovan), and True Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), had similar antinociceptive effects on the capsaicin-induced nociceptive response, while Orange Sweet (Citrus sinensis) essential oil was without effect. In contrast to a small number of pharmacological studies of BEO, there is ample evidence regarding isolated components of BEO which are also found in other essential oils. The most abundant compounds found in the volatile fraction are the monoterpene hydrocarbons, such as limonene, gamma-terpinene, beta-pinene, and oxygenated derivatives, linalool and linalyl acetate. Of these monoterpenes, the pharmacological activities of linalool have been examined. Following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration in mice, linalool produces antinociceptive and antihyperalgesic effects in different animal models in addition to anti-inflammatory properties. Linalool also possesses anticonvulsant activity in experimental models of epilepsy. We address the importance of linalool or linalyl acetate in BEO-or the other essential oil-induced antinociception.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Toxic effects of six plant oils alone and in combination with controlled atmosphere on Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae).
Autores: J J Wang, J H Tsai, W Ding, Z M Zhao, L S Li | Ano: 2001 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: Six plant essential oils alone as repellent and fumigant, and in combination with the controlled atmosphere against Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel were assessed in the laboratory. These essential oils were extracted from the leaves of six source plants: Citrus tangerina Tanaka, Citrus aurantium L., Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau, Pinus sylvestris L., Cupressus funebris End]., and Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. The repellency test indicated that L. bostrychophila adults were repelled by filter paper strips treated with six essential oils. Of these essential oils, the C. funebris oil was most effective followed by that of F. sylvestris, C. tangerina, C. bergamia, and E. citriodora. The average repellency of the C. aurantium oil against L. bostrychophila adults was significantly lower than other five test oils by day 14. These essential oils had a high level of toxicity in the fumigation assay against L. bostrychophila adults at both 10 and 20 ppm. When combined with two controlled atmosphere treatments (12% CO2 + 9% O2, and 10% CO2 + 5% O2, balanced N2), the toxicity of plant oils was enhanced significantly.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
The essential oil of Citrus bergamia Risso induces vasorelaxation of the mouse aorta by activating K(+) channels and inhibiting Ca(2+) influx.
Autores: Purum Kang, Suk Hyo Suh, Sun Seek Min, Geun Hee Seol | Ano: 2013 | Database: pubmed
Resumo: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the essential oil of Citrus bergamia Risso (bergamot) on mouse blood vessels and to analyse the mechanism of this effect from a pharmacological perspective.
Resultados: N/A
Conclusão: N/A
Tabela de propriedades
| Óleo Essencial | Propriedade | Confirmado | Título | Autores | Ano | Database | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bergamota | Acaricida contra o carrapato Rhipicephalus microplus | Sim | In vitro effect of seven essential oils on the reproduction of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus. | Rafael Pazinato, Andréia Volpato, Matheus D Baldissera, Roberto C V Santos, Dilmar Baretta, Rodrigo A Vaucher, Janice L Giongo, Aline A Boligon, Lenita Moura Stefani, Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva | 2016 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Alívio da fadiga induzida pelo exercício | Sim | A Comparative Study on Relieving Exercise-Induced Fatigue by Inhalation of Different Citrus Essential Oils. | Lei Tian, Tan Hu, Shanshan Zhang, Hongyan Zhang, Chenxi Yang, Guiting Chen, Siyi Pan | 2022 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Ansiolítica | Sim | A Systematic Review of the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Essential Oils in Animal Models. | Damião Pergentino de Sousa, Palloma de Almeida Soares Hocayen, Luciana Nalone Andrade, Roberto Andreatini | 2015 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Anti-infecciosa | Sim | Anti-infective potential of Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau (bergamot) derivatives: a systematic review. | Santa Cirmi, Carlo Bisignano, Giuseppina Mandalari, Michele Navarra | 2016 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Anti-infecciosa contra bactérias, fungos e larvas, e anti-Helicobacter pylori | Sim | Anti-infective potential of Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau (bergamot) derivatives: a systematic review. | Santa Cirmi, Carlo Bisignano, Giuseppina Mandalari, Michele Navarra | 2016 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Anti-inflamatório e cicatrizante | Sim | Chemical composition analysis and in vitro biological activities of ten essential oils in human skin cells. | Xuesheng Han, Cody Beaumont, Nicole Stevens | 2017 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Antibacteriana. | Sim | Biobased polymer resources and essential oils: a green combination for antibacterial applications. | Christine Elian, Samir Abbad Andaloussi, Régis Moilleron, Jean-Winoc Decousser, Cyrille Boyer, Davy-Louis Versace | 2022 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Antimicrobiana | Sim | Natural Preparations Based on Orange, Bergamot and Clove Essential Oils and Their Chemical Compounds as Antimicrobial Agents. | Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Camelia Szuhanek, Antoanela Cozma, Atena Galuscan, Florin Borcan, Diana Obistioiu, Cristina Adriana Dehelean, Daniela Jumanca | 2020 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Antimicrobiana contra Enterococcus faecium e Enterococcus faecalis | Sim | The mechanism of action of a citrus oil blend against Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. | K Fisher, C Phillips | 2009 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Antimicrobiana contra Enterococcus faecium e Enterococcus faecalis. | Sim | The mechanism of action of a citrus oil blend against Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis. | K Fisher, C Phillips | 2009 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Atividade anti-helmíntica in vitro contra Haemonchus contortus Kirby isolate | Sim | Chemical characterization and in vitro anthelmintic activity of Citrus bergamia Risso and Citrus X paradisii Macfad essential oil against Haemonchus contortus Kirby isolate. | Vivien Patricia Garbin, Beatriz Munguía, Jenny Carolina Saldaña, Cícero Deschamps, Roger Raupp Cipriano, Marcelo Beltrão Molento | 2021 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Atividade antimicoplasmal in vitro | Sim | In vitro antimycoplasmal activity of Citrus bergamia essential oil and its major components. | Pio Maria Furneri, Luigi Mondello, Giuseppina Mandalari, Donatella Paolino, Paola Dugo, Adriana Garozzo, Giuseppe Bisignano | 2012 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Avaliação in vitro do perfil citotóxico e antiproliferativo de preparações naturais contendo óleos essenciais de bergamota, laranja e cravo. | Sim | In Vitro Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Antiproliferative Profile of Natural Preparations Containing Bergamot, Orange and Clove Essential Oils. | Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Atena Galuscan, Codruța M Soica, Antoanela Cozma, Dorina Coricovac, Florin Borcan, Iuliana Popescu, Alexandra Mioc, Camelia Szuhanek, Cristina Adriana Dehelean, Daniela Jumanca | 2022 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Composição de esteróis vegetais, incluindo squaleno e β-sitosterol | Sim | Assessment of free plant sterols in cold pressed Citrus essential oils. | Francesco Siano, Domenico Cautela | 2021 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Efeito Fototóxico Adverso | Sim | Adverse Phototoxic Effect of Essential Plant Oils on NIH 3T3 Cell Line after UV Light Exposure. | Svatopluk Binder, Adéla Hanáková, Kateřina Tománková, Klára Pížová, Robert Bajgar, Barbora Manišová, Kristina Kejlová, Hana Bendová, Dagmar Jírová, Hana Kolářová | 2016 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Efeito ansiolítico | Sim | A Systematic Review of the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Essential Oils in Animal Models. | Damião Pergentino de Sousa, Palloma de Almeida Soares Hocayen, Luciana Nalone Andrade, Roberto Andreatini | 2015 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Efeito antimicrobiano | Sim | Natural Preparations Based on Orange, Bergamot and Clove Essential Oils and Their Chemical Compounds as Antimicrobial Agents. | Vlad Tiberiu Alexa, Camelia Szuhanek, Antoanela Cozma, Atena Galuscan, Florin Borcan, Diana Obistioiu, Cristina Adriana Dehelean, Daniela Jumanca | 2020 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Efeito antinociceptivo em resposta ao capsaicina em camundongos | Sim | Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil into the mouse hindpaw: effects on capsaicin-induced nociceptive behaviors. | Tsukasa Sakurada, Hikari Kuwahata, Soh Katsuyama, Takaaki Komatsu, Luigi Antonio Morrone, Maria Tiziana Corasaniti, Giacinto Bagetta, Shinobu Sakurada | 2009 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Efeito vasorrelaxante | Sim | The essential oil of Citrus bergamia Risso induces vasorelaxation of the mouse aorta by activating K(+) channels and inhibiting Ca(2+) influx. | Purum Kang, Suk Hyo Suh, Sun Seek Min, Geun Hee Seol | 2013 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Melhora a qualidade do sono em pacientes em reabilitação cardíaca | Sim | Trial of Essential Oils to Improve Sleep for Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation. | Brenda McDonnell, Patricia Newcomb | 2019 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Melhora da qualidade do sono | Sim | Trial of Essential Oils to Improve Sleep for Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation. | Brenda McDonnell, Patricia Newcomb | 2019 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Melhora o desempenho de crescimento, a utilização de alimento e a saúde dos peixes | Sim | Effects of bergamot (Citrus bergamia) peel oil-supplemented diets on growth performance, haematology and serum biochemical parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). | Osman Sabri Kesbiç, Ümit Acar, Sevdan Yilmaz, Özlem Durna Aydin | 2020 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Melhora o humor positivo | Sim | Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) Essential Oil Inhalation Improves Positive Feelings in the Waiting Room of a Mental Health Treatment Center: A Pilot Study. | Xuesheng Han, Jacob Gibson, Dennis L Eggett, Tory L Parker | 2017 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Melhora sentimentos positivos | Sim | Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) Essential Oil Inhalation Improves Positive Feelings in the Waiting Room of a Mental Health Treatment Center: A Pilot Study. | Xuesheng Han, Jacob Gibson, Dennis L Eggett, Tory L Parker | 2017 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Propriedades antibacterianas | Sim | Biobased polymer resources and essential oils: a green combination for antibacterial applications. | Christine Elian, Samir Abbad Andaloussi, Régis Moilleron, Jean-Winoc Decousser, Cyrille Boyer, Davy-Louis Versace | 2022 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Propriedades ópticas (absorção UV-Vis e fotoluminescência) | Sim | Optical Investigation of Essential Oils Using Absorbance and Photoluminescence. | Fernando Aparecido Dias Radomski, Celso de Araujo Duarte, Evaldo Ribeiro, Eduardo Lemos de Sá | 2021 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Quantidade de squalene e fitoesteróis livres | Sim | Assessment of free plant sterols in cold pressed Citrus essential oils. | Francesco Siano, Domenico Cautela | 2021 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Redução da fadiga induzida pelo exercício | Sim | A Comparative Study on Relieving Exercise-Induced Fatigue by Inhalation of Different Citrus Essential Oils. | Lei Tian, Tan Hu, Shanshan Zhang, Hongyan Zhang, Chenxi Yang, Guiting Chen, Siyi Pan | 2022 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Redução da resposta nociceptiva induzida por capsaicina em camundongos | Sim | Intraplantar injection of bergamot essential oil into the mouse hindpaw: effects on capsaicin-induced nociceptive behaviors. | Tsukasa Sakurada, Hikari Kuwahata, Soh Katsuyama, Takaaki Komatsu, Luigi Antonio Morrone, Maria Tiziana Corasaniti, Giacinto Bagetta, Shinobu Sakurada | 2009 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Repelente contraLiposcelis bostrychophila | Sim | Toxic effects of six plant oils alone and in combination with controlled atmosphere on Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). | J J Wang, J H Tsai, W Ding, Z M Zhao, L S Li | 2001 | pubmed | N/A |
| Bergamota | Vasodilatador | Sim | The essential oil of Citrus bergamia Risso induces vasorelaxation of the mouse aorta by activating K(+) channels and inhibiting Ca(2+) influx. | Purum Kang, Suk Hyo Suh, Sun Seek Min, Geun Hee Seol | 2013 | pubmed | N/A |