CEDRO HIMALAYA

Studies on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. wood oil.

Autores: U A Shinde, A S Phadke, A M Nair, A A Mungantiwar, V J Dikshit, M N Saraf | Ano: 1999 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: The volatile oil extracted by steam distillation of the wood of Cedrus deodara was examined for its oral anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight. It produced significant inhibition of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and of both exudative-proliferative and chronic phases of inflammation in adjuvant arthritic rats at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight. The oil at both tested doses was found to possess analgesic activity against acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate reaction in mice.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Studies on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. wood oil.

Autores: U A Shinde, A S Phadke, A M Nair, A A Mungantiwar, V J Dikshit, M N Saraf | Ano: 1999 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: The volatile oil extracted by steam distillation of the wood of Cedrus deodara was examined for its oral anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight. It produced significant inhibition of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and of both exudative-proliferative and chronic phases of inflammation in adjuvant arthritic rats at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight. The oil at both tested doses was found to possess analgesic activity against acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate reaction in mice.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Mast cell stabilizing and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. wood oil.

Autores: U A Shinde, K R Kulkarni, A S Phadke, A M Nair, A A Mungantiwar, V J Dikshit, M N Saraf | Ano: 1999 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Volatile oil of C. deodara, administered orally at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, significantly inhibited the pedal edema induced by compound 48/80 in rats. The oil significantly inhibited compound 48/80 induced degranulation of isolated rat peritoneal mast cells at concentrations ranging from 25-200 micrograms/ml. C. deodara wood oil also significantly inhibited the enzyme lipoxygenase at a concentration of 200 micrograms/ml. Thus, the anti-inflammatory activity of C. deodara wood oil could be attributed to its mast cell stabilizing activity and the inhibition of leukotriene synthesis.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of essential oil from pine needle (Cedrus deodara).

Autores: Wei-Cai Zeng, Zeng Zhang, Hong Gao, Li-Rong Jia, Qiang He | Ano: 2012 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: The chemical composition of essential oil from pine needles (Cedrus deodara) was determined, and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were evaluated. Twenty-three components, representing 95.79% of the oil, were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The main components include α-terpineol (30.2%), linalool (24.47%), limonene (17.01%), anethole (14.57%), caryophyllene (3.14%), and eugenol (2.14%). Pine needle essential oil showed remarkable antioxidant activity in scavenging free radicals, in lipid peroxidation, and in reducing power assays. Moreover, the essential oil revealed strong antimicrobial activity against typical food-borne microorganisms, with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values of 0.2 to 1.56 and 0.39 to 6.25 μg/mL, respectively. Transmission electron microscope observation ascertained that the bactericidal mechanism of pine needle essential oil may be the induction of cytoplasmic outflow and plasmolysis. These results suggest that the essential oil from pine needles has potential to be used as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in food processing.

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Conclusão: N/A

Gastric antisecretory and antiulcer activities of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. in Wistar rats.

Autores: Avadhesh Kumar, Vandana Singh, Amrendra Kumar Chaudhary | Ano: 2011 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat peptic ulcer.

Resultados: The volatile oil showed significant antisecretory activity as evidenced by decreased gastric fluid volume, total acidity, free acidity and increase in the pH of the gastric fluid in pylorus-ligated rats. Our studies also revealed that pretreatment with Cedrus deodara significantly reduced the number of ulcer, ulcer score and ulcer index in pylorus-ligated and ethanol treated rats. The antiulcer activity of Cedrus deodara is further supported by histopathological study which showed protection of mucosal layer from ulceration and inflammation.

Conclusão: The present findings conclude that volatile oil of Cedrus deodara wood has potent antisecretory and antiulcer effects and justify the traditional usage of this herb to treat peptic ulcers.

Gastric antisecretory and antiulcer activities of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. in Wistar rats.

Autores: Avadhesh Kumar, Vandana Singh, Amrendra Kumar Chaudhary | Ano: 2011 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat peptic ulcer.

Resultados: The volatile oil showed significant antisecretory activity as evidenced by decreased gastric fluid volume, total acidity, free acidity and increase in the pH of the gastric fluid in pylorus-ligated rats. Our studies also revealed that pretreatment with Cedrus deodara significantly reduced the number of ulcer, ulcer score and ulcer index in pylorus-ligated and ethanol treated rats. The antiulcer activity of Cedrus deodara is further supported by histopathological study which showed protection of mucosal layer from ulceration and inflammation.

Conclusão: The present findings conclude that volatile oil of Cedrus deodara wood has potent antisecretory and antiulcer effects and justify the traditional usage of this herb to treat peptic ulcers.

Synthesis of novel antimicrobial aryl himachalene derivatives from naturally occurring himachalenes.

Autores: Abha Chaudhary, Swati Sood, Pralay Das, Pushpinder Kaur, Isha Mahajan, Arvind Gulati, Bikram Singh | Ano: 2014 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Five new 2,9,9-trimethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-benzocyclohepten-5-ylidene-amine derivatives (16a-16e) were synthesized from α-dehydro-ar-himachalene (11) that was originally prepared from an isomeric mixture of α, β and γ himachalenes (10), the abundant sesquiterpenes of Cedrus deodara essential oil. In addition, different aryl himachalenes derivatives (9, 12, 14 and 15) were also formed from 11. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of their NMR, IR and mass spectral data. The prepared compounds were tested against a group of sixteen organisms including gram positive and gram negative bacterial and fungal strains. The introduction of a series of substituted imine groups into aryl himachalenes at 5(th) position (16a-16e) enhanced antimicrobial activity as compared to the aromatized derivatives (9, 12, 14 and 15) against gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus, and mycotoxigenic fungi Aspergillus parasiticus, A. ochraceous and A. sydowii. graphical Abstract, Figure 1(Fig. 1).

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Synthesis of novel antimicrobial aryl himachalene derivatives from naturally occurring himachalenes.

Autores: Abha Chaudhary, Swati Sood, Pralay Das, Pushpinder Kaur, Isha Mahajan, Arvind Gulati, Bikram Singh | Ano: 2014 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Five new 2,9,9-trimethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-benzocyclohepten-5-ylidene-amine derivatives (16a-16e) were synthesized from α-dehydro-ar-himachalene (11) that was originally prepared from an isomeric mixture of α, β and γ himachalenes (10), the abundant sesquiterpenes of Cedrus deodara essential oil. In addition, different aryl himachalenes derivatives (9, 12, 14 and 15) were also formed from 11. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of their NMR, IR and mass spectral data. The prepared compounds were tested against a group of sixteen organisms including gram positive and gram negative bacterial and fungal strains. The introduction of a series of substituted imine groups into aryl himachalenes at 5(th) position (16a-16e) enhanced antimicrobial activity as compared to the aromatized derivatives (9, 12, 14 and 15) against gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus, and mycotoxigenic fungi Aspergillus parasiticus, A. ochraceous and A. sydowii. graphical Abstract, Figure 1(Fig. 1).

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Conclusão: N/A

Cognitive enhancement in aged mice after chronic administration of Cedrus deodara Loud. and Pinus roxburghii Sarg. with demonstrated antioxidant properties.

Autores: Amrendra Kumar Chaudhary, Shamim Ahmad, Avijit Mazumder | Ano: 2014 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Cedrus deodara and Pinus roxburghii, plants mentioned in Indian literature, have been described to possess central nervous system effects and are used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat disorders of the mind. To investigate the memory-enhancing activity of volatile oil and chloroform extracts of C. deodara and P. roxburghii in the Morris water maze paradigm as well as evaluating their antioxidant properties. Aged albino mice were used to study the effect of oil and chloroform extracts on learning and memory by using the Morris water maze paradigm. The chloroform extract of C. deodara produced a significant decrease in escape latency over 7 days of training in both reference and working memory training in comparison to the control group. In the probe trial on day 8, mice in the chloroform extract of C. deodara group crossed the target area more often and spent more time in the target quadrant. Amongst the oils and extracts tested for oxidative stress parameters, only the chloroform extract of C. deodara at doses of 100 mg/kg produced a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) with a simultaneous significant increase in the level of glutathione (GSH) in both the frontal cortex and hippocampus. The present findings indicate that the chloroform extract of C. deodara has the best memory-enhancing effect due to its strong antioxidant properties from compounds like terpenoids and flavonoids. The study provides a scientific rationale for the traditional use of C. deodara in the management of memory dysfunction and related disorders.

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Conclusão: N/A

Chemical composition of hydrodistilled and solvent volatiles extracted from woodchips of Himalayan Cedrus: Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud.

Autores: Abha Chaudhary, Pushpinder Kaur, Bikram Singh, Vijaylata Pathania | Ano: 2009 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: The essential oil and extract obtained from the wood chips of Cedrus deodara by hydrodistillation and percolation respectively have been analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS techniques. Thirty four compounds were identified from the essential oil and twenty six from the extract accounting for 98.3 and 94.6% respectively of total identifications. While the major components of the oil were beta-himachalene (38.3%), alpha-himachalene (17.1%) and gamma-himachalene (12.6%), those of the extracts were E-gamma-atlantone (38.5%) and E-alpha-atlantone (10.2%).

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Conclusão: N/A

Locational comparison of essential oils from selected conifers of Himachal Pradesh.

Autores: Shruti Sharma, Vinod Bhatt, Neeraj Kumar, Bikram Singh, Upendra Sharma | Ano: 2017 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Nine samples of essential oil from needles of three conifers of Pinacea family namely Abies pindrow, Picea smithiana and Cedrus deodara collected from three different locations of Himachal Pradesh (India) were evaluated using gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 31, 17 and 13 compounds were identified from essential oil of A. pindrow, P. smithiana and C. deodara, respectively. Among the characterised components, monoterpenoid hydrocarbons were predominated. α-Pinene, β-pinene, β-merycene, limonene and camphene were characterised as major components. Oil of C. deodara has significant effect of location on its oil composition. Principle component analysis on gas chromatographic data reveals variation in chemical composition which may be attributed to altitude and environmental conditions.

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Conclusão: N/A

Chemical composition of hydrodistilled and solvent volatiles extracted from woodchips of Himalayan Cedrus: Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud.

Autores: Abha Chaudhary, Pushpinder Kaur, Bikram Singh, Vijaylata Pathania | Ano: 2009 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: The essential oil and extract obtained from the wood chips of Cedrus deodara by hydrodistillation and percolation respectively have been analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS techniques. Thirty four compounds were identified from the essential oil and twenty six from the extract accounting for 98.3 and 94.6% respectively of total identifications. While the major components of the oil were beta-himachalene (38.3%), alpha-himachalene (17.1%) and gamma-himachalene (12.6%), those of the extracts were E-gamma-atlantone (38.5%) and E-alpha-atlantone (10.2%).

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Cedrus deodara (Bark) Essential Oil Induces Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Nuclear Factor kappa B.

Autores: Madhulika Bhagat, Ajay Kumar, Renuka Suravajhala | Ano: 2020 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: The aim of this study is to explore essential oil from the bark of Cedrus deodara (CDEO) as an potential anticancer agent.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: These results unveil CDEO inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells, which can be attributed to the abrogation of the NFκB signaling pathway.

In vitro evaluation of the anti-proliferative activities of the wood essential oils of three Cedrus species against K562 human chronic myelogenous leukaemia cells.

Autores: Antoine M Saab, Ilaria Lampronti, Monica Borgatti, Alessia Finotti, Faouzi Harb, Samir Safi, Roberto Gambari | Ano: 2012 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: There are four kinds of Cedar: Cedrus libani naturally occurring in Lebanon, Syria and Turkey, Cedrus atlantica in Morocco and Algeria, Cedrus brevefolia in Cyprus Island and Cedrus deodara which is distributed in Himalayan Mountains. Wood essential oils obtained from C. libani, C. atlantica and C. deodara were tested for the inhibition of K562 cell proliferation and for the induction of erythroid differentiation. The wood essential oils of C. libani, C. atlantica and C. deodara inhibited the proliferation of the K562 cell line exhibiting IC(50) values 23.38 ± 1.7, 59.37 ± 2.6 and 37.09 ± 1.4 µg mL(-1), respectively. Meanwhile, C. libani wood oils induced a percentage of erythroid differentiation of 15 ± 2% at concentration 5 µg mL(-1). Cedrus deodara wood oil indicated a percentage of erythroid differentiation of 20 ± 2% at concentration 25 µg mL(-1) and C. atlantica wood oils showed a percentage of erythroid differentiation of 12 ± 1.8% at concentration 10 µg mL(-1).

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Conclusão: N/A

Chemical composition and insecticidal activities of essential oils against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae).

Autores: S G Eswara Reddy, Shudh Kirti Dolma, Rajkesh Koundal, Bikram Singh | Ano: 2016 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Five Himalayan plants namely, Acorus calamus, Cedrus deodara, Aegle marmelos, Tagetes minuta and Murraya koenigii were used for the extraction of essential oils through hydrodistillation and the major volatile constituents as identified by GC and GC-MS techniques were β-asarone (91.1%), β-himachalene (45.8%), limonene (59.5%), Z-ocimene (37.9%) and α-pinene (54.2%), respectively. Essential oils were tested for their insecticidal properties against larvae of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Results showed that A. calamus was most toxic (LC50 = 0.29 mg mL(-1)) to P. xylostella followed by C. deodara (LC50 = 1.08 mg mL(-1)) and M. koenigii (LC50 = 1.93 mg mL(-1)) via residual toxicity bioassay. Per cent feeding deterrence index and growth inhibition was significantly higher in A. calamus (42.20 and 68.55, respectively) followed by C. deodara (35.41 and 52.47). In repellent activity studies, C. deodara showed high repellence (64.76%) followed by A. calamus (55.05%).

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Himachalol andβ-himachalene: Insecticidal principles of himalayan cedarwood oil.

Autores: D Singh, S K Agarwal | Ano: 1988 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Chromatographic fractions of Himalayan cedarwood oil (Cedrus deodara) were bioassayed against the pulse beetle (Callosobruchus analis F.) and the housefly (Musca domestica L.). Almost all fractions showed insecticidal activity against both test species. Fractions I and V led to the highest mortality and also produced a quick knockdown effect. Fractions I and V, after rechromatography and purification, yielded himachalol (3%) and β-himachalene (31%), based on essential oil weight, respectively. Further evaluation of these two naturally occurring sesquiterpenes indicated 97.5% mortality at 0.56 μmol/insect against the pulse beetle. These biologically active natural products of plant origin may serve as a suitable prototypes for development of commercial insecticides.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Insecticidal and Detoxification Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Essential Oils for the Control of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) and Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae).

Autores: Himanshi Gupta, Deeksha, Urvashi, S G Eswara Reddy | Ano: 2023 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Pulse beetle is the most harmful pest attacking stored grains and affecting quality and marketability. Continuous use of chemical-based pesticides against pulse beetle led to the development of insecticidal resistance; essential oils (EOs) can be an effective natural alternative against this pest. The main objective was to study the chemical composition of seven EOs viz., Acorus calamus, Hedychium spicatum, Lavandula angustifolia, Juniperus recurva, Juniperus communis, Cedrus deodara and Pinus wallichiana, their insecticidal and enzyme inhibition activities against pulse beetle. The primary compounds present in these EOs were cis-asarone, 1,8-cineole, linalyl isobutyrate, 2-β-pinene, camphene, α-dehydro-ar-himachalene and camphene. A. calamus oil showed promising fumigant toxicity to Callosobruchus maculatus and C. chinensis (LC50 = 1357.86 and 1379.54 µL/L, respectively). A combination of A. calamus + L. angustifolia was effective against C. maculatus and C. chinensis (LC50 = 108.58 and 92.18 µL/L, respectively). All the combinations of EOs showed synergistic activity. In the repellency study, A. calamus showed more repellence to C. maculatus and C. chinensis (RC50 = 53.98 and 118.91 µL/L, respectively). A. calamus and L. angustifolia oil at 2500, 5000 and 10,000 µL/L significantly inhibited the AChE and GST enzymes in C. maculatus and C. chinensis after 24 and 48 h.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Chemical composition and larvicidal activities of the Himalayan cedar, Cedrus deodara essential oil and its fractions against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella.

Autores: Abha Chaudhary, Prabha Sharma, Gireesh Nadda, Dhananjay Kumar Tewary, Bikram Singh | Ano: 2011 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Plants and plant-derived materials play an extremely important role in pest management programs. Essential oil from wood chips of Himalayan Cedar, Cedrus deodara (Roxburgh) Don (Pinales: Pinaceae), was obtained by hydrodistillation and fractionated to pentane and acetonitrile from which himachalenes and atlantones enriched fractions were isolated. A total of forty compounds were identified from these fractions using GC and GC-MS analyses. Essential oils and fractions were evaluated for insecticidal activities against second instars of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), using a leaf dip method. All samples showed promising larvicidal activity against larvae of P. xylostella. The pentane fraction was the most toxic with a LC₅₀ value of 287 µg/ml. The himachalenes enriched fraction was more toxic (LC₅₀ = 362 µg/ml) than the atlantones enriched fraction (LC₅₀ = 365 µg/ml). LC₅₀ of crude oil was 425 µg/ml and acetonitrile fraction was LC₅₀ = 815 µg/ml. The major constituents, himachalenes and atlantones, likely accounted for the insecticidal action. Present bioassay results revealed the potential for essential oil and different constituents of C. deodara as botanical larvicides for their use in pest management.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Chemical composition and insecticidal activities of essential oils against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae).

Autores: S G Eswara Reddy, Shudh Kirti Dolma, Rajkesh Koundal, Bikram Singh | Ano: 2016 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Five Himalayan plants namely, Acorus calamus, Cedrus deodara, Aegle marmelos, Tagetes minuta and Murraya koenigii were used for the extraction of essential oils through hydrodistillation and the major volatile constituents as identified by GC and GC-MS techniques were β-asarone (91.1%), β-himachalene (45.8%), limonene (59.5%), Z-ocimene (37.9%) and α-pinene (54.2%), respectively. Essential oils were tested for their insecticidal properties against larvae of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Results showed that A. calamus was most toxic (LC50 = 0.29 mg mL(-1)) to P. xylostella followed by C. deodara (LC50 = 1.08 mg mL(-1)) and M. koenigii (LC50 = 1.93 mg mL(-1)) via residual toxicity bioassay. Per cent feeding deterrence index and growth inhibition was significantly higher in A. calamus (42.20 and 68.55, respectively) followed by C. deodara (35.41 and 52.47). In repellent activity studies, C. deodara showed high repellence (64.76%) followed by A. calamus (55.05%).

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Himachalol andβ-himachalene: Insecticidal principles of himalayan cedarwood oil.

Autores: D Singh, S K Agarwal | Ano: 1988 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Chromatographic fractions of Himalayan cedarwood oil (Cedrus deodara) were bioassayed against the pulse beetle (Callosobruchus analis F.) and the housefly (Musca domestica L.). Almost all fractions showed insecticidal activity against both test species. Fractions I and V led to the highest mortality and also produced a quick knockdown effect. Fractions I and V, after rechromatography and purification, yielded himachalol (3%) and β-himachalene (31%), based on essential oil weight, respectively. Further evaluation of these two naturally occurring sesquiterpenes indicated 97.5% mortality at 0.56 μmol/insect against the pulse beetle. These biologically active natural products of plant origin may serve as a suitable prototypes for development of commercial insecticides.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Chemical composition and larvicidal activities of the Himalayan cedar, Cedrus deodara essential oil and its fractions against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella.

Autores: Abha Chaudhary, Prabha Sharma, Gireesh Nadda, Dhananjay Kumar Tewary, Bikram Singh | Ano: 2011 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Plants and plant-derived materials play an extremely important role in pest management programs. Essential oil from wood chips of Himalayan Cedar, Cedrus deodara (Roxburgh) Don (Pinales: Pinaceae), was obtained by hydrodistillation and fractionated to pentane and acetonitrile from which himachalenes and atlantones enriched fractions were isolated. A total of forty compounds were identified from these fractions using GC and GC-MS analyses. Essential oils and fractions were evaluated for insecticidal activities against second instars of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), using a leaf dip method. All samples showed promising larvicidal activity against larvae of P. xylostella. The pentane fraction was the most toxic with a LC₅₀ value of 287 µg/ml. The himachalenes enriched fraction was more toxic (LC₅₀ = 362 µg/ml) than the atlantones enriched fraction (LC₅₀ = 365 µg/ml). LC₅₀ of crude oil was 425 µg/ml and acetonitrile fraction was LC₅₀ = 815 µg/ml. The major constituents, himachalenes and atlantones, likely accounted for the insecticidal action. Present bioassay results revealed the potential for essential oil and different constituents of C. deodara as botanical larvicides for their use in pest management.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Chemical composition and larvicidal activities of the Himalayan cedar, Cedrus deodara essential oil and its fractions against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella.

Autores: Abha Chaudhary, Prabha Sharma, Gireesh Nadda, Dhananjay Kumar Tewary, Bikram Singh | Ano: 2011 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Plants and plant-derived materials play an extremely important role in pest management programs. Essential oil from wood chips of Himalayan Cedar, Cedrus deodara (Roxburgh) Don (Pinales: Pinaceae), was obtained by hydrodistillation and fractionated to pentane and acetonitrile from which himachalenes and atlantones enriched fractions were isolated. A total of forty compounds were identified from these fractions using GC and GC-MS analyses. Essential oils and fractions were evaluated for insecticidal activities against second instars of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), using a leaf dip method. All samples showed promising larvicidal activity against larvae of P. xylostella. The pentane fraction was the most toxic with a LC₅₀ value of 287 µg/ml. The himachalenes enriched fraction was more toxic (LC₅₀ = 362 µg/ml) than the atlantones enriched fraction (LC₅₀ = 365 µg/ml). LC₅₀ of crude oil was 425 µg/ml and acetonitrile fraction was LC₅₀ = 815 µg/ml. The major constituents, himachalenes and atlantones, likely accounted for the insecticidal action. Present bioassay results revealed the potential for essential oil and different constituents of C. deodara as botanical larvicides for their use in pest management.

Resultados: N/A

Conclusão: N/A

Impregnation of pectin-cedarwood essential oil nanocapsules onto mini cotton bag improves larvicidal performances.

Autores: Smriti Kala, Nisha Sogan, S N Naik, Amrish Agarwal, Jitendra Kumar | Ano: 2020 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: The use pesticide is one of the indispensable means to combat mosquito borne diseases. However, the repeated use of synthetic pesticides has induced resistance in the vector pest along with undesirable impact on the environment. The biodegradability, non-persistent and user's safety are the root cause to prefer plant-derived pesticides to synthetic ones. The botanical based pesticides tend to degrade rapidly under the influence of several environmental factors. For the feasible application as pesticides, the plant products are formulated either as liquid or as purely solid. Despite well-established formulation technology in pesticide delivery, their handling trouble is being ignored. There is difficulty in liquid formulation of pesticide products, as they are prone to splashing and spillage, resulting in contamination, wastage and direct exposure to skin; whereas a solid formulation tends to produce dust. In the present work, cedarwood (Cedrus deodara) essential oil embedded pectin nanocapsules were produced. The nanocapsules were characterized according to their morphology, size, encapsulation efficiency and thermal stability. Furthermore, the nanocapsules were impregnated onto mini cotton tea bags to be employed as RTU (ready to use) formulation for treating the breeding sites of mosquitoes. The larvicidal activity of the bags treated with pectin-cedar wood nanocapsules was assessed against malaria vector, Anopheles culicifacies and 98% mortality was recorded till 4 weeks, this suggests its potential and hassle free applications in controlling mosquito vector.

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Conclusão: N/A

Target identification, screening and in vivo evaluation of pyrrolone-fused benzosuberene compounds against human epilepsy using Zebrafish model of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures.

Autores: Garima Tanwar, Arindam Ghosh Mazumder, Vijay Bhardwaj, Savita Kumari, Richa Bharti, Yamini, Damanpreet Singh, Pralay Das, Rituraj Purohit | Ano: 2019 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Pyrrolone-fused benzosuberene (PBS) compounds were semi-synthesized from α,β,γ-Himachalenes extracted from the essential oil of Cedrus deodara following amino-vinyl-bromide substituted benzosuberenes as intermediates. These PBSs compounds classified as an attractive source of therapeutics. The α-isoform of PI3K which is a pivotal modulator of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, responsible for neurological disorders like epilepsy, found as a potential target molecule against these 17 semi-synthesized PBS compounds using in silico ligand-based pharmacophore mapping and target screening. The compounds screened using binding affinities, ADMET properties, and toxicity that were accessed by in silico docking simulations and pharmacokinetics profiling. Ultimately two compounds viz., PBS-8 and PBS-9 were selected for further in vivo evaluation using a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced clonic convulsions. Additionally, gene expression studies performed for the genes of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway which further validated our results. In conclusion, these findings suggested that PBS-8 is a promising candidate that could bedeveloped as a potential antiepileptic.

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Conclusão: N/A

Mast cell stabilizing and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. wood oil.

Autores: U A Shinde, K R Kulkarni, A S Phadke, A M Nair, A A Mungantiwar, V J Dikshit, M N Saraf | Ano: 1999 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Volatile oil of C. deodara, administered orally at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, significantly inhibited the pedal edema induced by compound 48/80 in rats. The oil significantly inhibited compound 48/80 induced degranulation of isolated rat peritoneal mast cells at concentrations ranging from 25-200 micrograms/ml. C. deodara wood oil also significantly inhibited the enzyme lipoxygenase at a concentration of 200 micrograms/ml. Thus, the anti-inflammatory activity of C. deodara wood oil could be attributed to its mast cell stabilizing activity and the inhibition of leukotriene synthesis.

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Conclusão: N/A

Benzosuberene-sulfone analogues synthesis from Cedrus deodara oil and their therapeutic evaluation by computational analysis to treat type 2 diabetes.

Autores: Richa Bharti, Yamini, V K Bhardwaj, C Bal Reddy, Rituraj Purohit, Pralay Das | Ano: 2021 | Database: pubmed

Resumo: Benzosuberene-sulfone (BSS) analogues have been semi-synthesized following green approaches from himachalenes, which has been extracted from essential oil of Cedrus deodara. In this process, benzosuberene in presence of different aryl or alkyl sodium sulfinates, I2 and potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) in acetonitrile-water solvent conditions gave BSS-analogues at room temperature. Under this reaction, a facile endocyclic β-H elimination has been noticed for BSS-analogues synthesis instead of vinyl sulfones and the reason may be due to its specific structure and electronic environment. The BSS-compounds were obtained with moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions. All the compounds were computationally subjected to drug likeliness and toxicity prediction studies. Further, the synthesized molecules were evaluated under in-silico studies for their binding affinity towards the native Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG), and two PPARG mutants (R357A and V290M). Both the mutant forms of PPARG are deficient in eliciting a response to treatment with full and partial agonists. Our computational studies suggested that the molecule 3q performed better than the standard drug (Rosiglitazone) in all three protein structures. This implies that our suggested molecule could act as a more potent antagonist to native PPARG and could also be developed to treat type-2 diabetes patients with R357A and V290M mutations, which didn't elicit any response to currently available drugs in the market.

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